![]() There was also broad support for the role farmers are playing to increase biodiversity and habitat under existing agrienvironment schemes, and general agreement that such schemes need revising to facilitate greater integration of food production and conservation. Reintroduction of carnivores such as wolves and lynx to Britain was generally deemed unrealistic in the short term. A series of 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted with a range of stakeholders from Wales and Scotland including members of rewilding NGOs, the farming community, and professional ecologists, to answer the question: □What a□e the discourses of nature and the environment that both inform and □halle□ge □e□ildi□g p□oje□ts i□ the UK?□ and the subsidiary question: □Wh□ do people asso□iate □ith a□d □ep□odu□e these diffe□e□t dis□ou□ses?□ Significant differences, as well as agreements, were discovered between respondents. At the same time, conflict and controversy has been created as existing land users perceive themselves to be under threat from a new movement to rewild the landscape. Popular polemical presentations of rewilding have contributed to raising awareness of issues in current conservation policy, which focusses on maintaining specific habitats in a steady-state. Rewilding- the restoration of natural processes, sometimes including animal reintroductions - is drawing increasing popular and academic interest as a radical approach to conservation and land management, but is plastic term with contested and sometimes conflicting definitions. We highlight variables associated with the success of individual rewilding 1 Koniks in Oostvaardersplassen. Despite these criticisms, rewilding programs have made some progress. Rewilding proposals have been widely criticized due to the difficulty of predicting the ecological outcomes of introducing (or restoring) any species. Proponents of rewilding argue that restoring conspecific or ecological proxy taxa to areas where major contributors to the food web have been extirpated has the potential to restore ecological and evolutionary processes important to biodiversity and ecosystem function. In this approach, living animals are introduced to areas where they may never have occurred, but where " similar " animals have become extinct. Rewilding is a radical restoration-based approach to ecosystem conservation and restoration that has garnered significant attention in the past decade. This case study is about rewilding efforts, arguments for and against, and progress to date. ![]() Although the CNE provides some conceptual advance (‘new wine’), some of its conceptualization and packaging weakly support this advance (‘old wineskins’), so I consider some ways to further develop it, in part to encourage more widespread recognition and appreciation of novel ecosystems. Here, I seek to provide a deeper, philosophical and constructive critique, specifically arguing that the usefulness of the CNE is limited in the following three ways: i) it is too static ii) it is too vague and iii) it is too dualistic. Although the CNE has recently been subject to critique, existing critiques do not appear to seriously engage with the extent of anthropogenic change to the world’s ecosystems. It also provides a dramatic contrast with prevailing conceptions, particularly related to invasive species. In this sense, the CNE is realistic about ongoing changes that humans are causing and pragmatic about how to manage them now and in the future. For ten run-on sentences, Sendak gave us boys joy.The concept of novel ecosystems (CNE) has been proposed as a way to recognize the extent and value of ecosystems that have been irreversibly transformed by human activity. The joy of reading and learning is just not there. Hey, they were reading a published book, right? That's something that is missing from literacy, school even. It was almost like boys were breaking the rules of reading and it was okay. He chopped up the sentences, stopping them when he felt like it, then created a bridge with an illustration that led the reader to the rest of the sentence. Sendak did something different with Wild Things, though. We can all agree that boys are very visual. Sendak gave them (boys) something they could read something that spoke to them something that wasn't perfect something that sounded familiar. Wild Things is digestible, choppy, and filled with pauses. ![]() ![]() The book didn't scare them (boys) away with posh, academic pristine language. "One of the chief motives of artistic creation is certainly the need of feeling essential in relationship to the world" (Sartre). ![]()
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